Without a doubt, the pear represents one of the most important fruit species in the area of Etna. Some autochthonous cultivars are still rather widespread and well known (Ucciardone, Spineddu, etc.); however, most of them are extremely rare and, often, endangered. At the moment, 34 autochthonous varieties have been singled out: they are characterized by a long harvesting calendar going from late spring to late autumn. Allochthonous species are also present.